Phase gradient microscopy in thick tissue with oblique back-illumination

摘要

Phase contrast techniques, such as differential interference contrast (DIC)microscopy, are widely used to provide morphological images of unstainedbiological samples. The trans-illumination geometry required for thesetechniques has restricted their application to thin samples. We introduceoblique back-illumination microscopy (OBM), a method of collecting en facephase gradient images of thick scattering samples, enabling near video-rate invivo phase imaging with a miniaturized probe suitable for endoscopy.